Tag: M.W=100-200

Chemo-enzymatic cascade processes are invaluable due to their ability to rapidly construct high-value products from available feedstock chemicals in a one-pot relay manner. In an article, author is TAKENAKA, N, once mentioned the application of 144-48-9, Name is 2-Iodoacetamide, molecular formula is C2H4INO, molecular weight is 184.9637, MDL number is MFCD00008028, category is iodides-buliding-blocks. Now introduce a scientific discovery about this category, Formula: C2H4INO.

PARTIAL MOLAL VOLUMES OF UNI-UNIVALENT ELECTROLYTES IN METHANOL PLUS WATER .3. SODIUM-IODIDE AND POTASSIUM-IODIDE

Densities of methanol + water + sodium iodide and + potassium iodide were measured at 15, 25, 35, and 45-degrees-C. The apparent molal volumes of the electrolytes in these mixtures were calculated, and the apparent molol volumes at infinite dilution and partial molal thermal expansions were evaluated.

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Electric Literature of 144-48-9, As an important bridge between the micro and macro material world, chemistry is one of the main methods and means for humans to understand and transform the material world. 144-48-9, Name is 2-Iodoacetamide, SMILES is NC(=O)CI, belongs to iodides-buliding-blocks compound. In a article, author is Hosseinzadeh, R, introduce new discover of the category.

Copper-catalyzed amidation of aryl iodides using KF/Al2O3: An improved protocol

A mild method for the copper-catalyzed amidation of aryl iodides is reported. This simple C-N bond forming procedure shows that the combination of air stable Cut and 1, 10-phenanthroline in the presence of KF/Al2O3 comprises an extremely efficient and general catalyst system for the N-amidation of aryl iodides. Different functionalized aryl iodides were efficiently coupled with amides using this method.

Electric Literature of 144-48-9, Each elementary reaction can be described in terms of its molecularity, the number of molecules that collide in that step. The slowest step in a reaction mechanism is the rate-determining step.you can also check out more blogs about 144-48-9.

Chemo-enzymatic cascade processes are invaluable due to their ability to rapidly construct high-value products from available feedstock chemicals in a one-pot relay manner. In an article, author is Vergara-Jaque, Ariela, once mentioned the application of 144-48-9, Name is 2-Iodoacetamide, molecular formula is C2H4INO, molecular weight is 184.9637, MDL number is MFCD00008028, category is iodides-buliding-blocks. Now introduce a scientific discovery about this category, Recommanded Product: 2-Iodoacetamide.

Iodide Binding in Sodium-Coupled Cotransporters

Several apical iodide translocation pathways have been proposed for iodide efflux out of thyroid follicular cells, including a pathway mediated by the sodium-coupled monocarboxylate transporter 1 (SMCT1), which remains controversial. Herein, we evaluate structural and functional similarities between SMCT1 and the well-studied sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) that mediates the first step of iodide entry into the thyroid. Free-energy calculations using a force field with electronic polarizability verify the presence of a conserved iodide-binding pocket between the TM2, TM3, and TM7 segments in hNIS, where iodide is coordinated by Phe67, Gln72, Cys91, and Gln94. We demonstrate the mutation of residue Gly93 of hNIS to a larger amino acid expels the side chain of a critical tryptophan residue (Trp255) into the interior of the binding pocket, partially occluding the iodide binding site and reducing iodide affinity, which is consistent with previous reports associating mutation of this residue with iodide uptake deficiency and hypothyroidism. Furthermore, we find that the position of Trp255 in this hNIS mutant mirrors that of Trp253 in wild-type hSMCT1, where a threonine (Thr91) occupies the position homologous to that occupied by glycine in wild-type hNIS (Gly93). Correspondingly, mutation of Thr91 to glycine in hSMCT1 makes the pocket structure more like that of wild-type hNIS, increasing its iodide affinity. These results suggest that wild-type hSMCT1 in the inward-facing conformation may bind iodide only very weakly, which may have implications for its ability to transport iodide.

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Chemistry, like all the natural sciences, Recommanded Product: 2-Iodoacetamide, begins with the direct observation of nature¡ª in this case, of matter.144-48-9, Name is 2-Iodoacetamide, SMILES is NC(=O)CI, belongs to iodides-buliding-blocks compound. In a document, author is HOH, YC, introduce the new discover.

DIFFUSION OF IODIDE IN COMPACTED CLAYS

Flow through diffusion method was used to determine the effective diffusion coefficient and the appropriate parameters for modeling iodide ion diffused through the compacted clay materials of kaolinite and bentonite which were supplied locally and from USA. The effects of clay structural characteristics on diffusion, the mechanism of iodide ion diffusion through the compacted bentonite were studied. The effective diffusivity for kaolinite decreases with increasing bulk density and concentration of the diffusion species (I-). The iodide ion was strongly repelled from the bentonite particle surface, the predominant diffusion path is in the interstitial water. The relationship between the iodide flux (J) and the formation factor (F) for the diffusion of iodide ion through the compacted clays can be described by the following empirical equation: log(J-1) = A + BF, where A and B were constants. The inverse of iodide diffusion flux decreases with increasing formation factor. The types of clay and their structures have a significant effect on the diffusion of iodide ion through compacted clays.

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Chemistry is the experimental and theoretical study of materials on their properties at both the macroscopic and microscopic levels. 144-48-9, Name is 2-Iodoacetamide, molecular formula is C2H4INO. In an article, author is HOLYNSKA, B,once mentioned of 144-48-9, Product Details of 144-48-9.

SIMPLE METHOD OF DETERMINATION OF IODIDE AT MU-G/L-LEVEL IN POTABLE WATER WITH PRELIMINARY PRECONCENTRATION BY ENERGY DISPERSIVE-X-RAY FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRY

A simple method for iodide determination in potable water with preliminary preconcentration has been worked out. Iodide was precipitated as palladium (II) iodide on elemental palladium as a carrier, which was obtained by reduction of Pd(II) with sodium thiosulfate. Ammonium chloropalladite was used as a reagent. The volume of water taken for analysis was between 100 and 500 cm3 . The precipitate was filtered through a membrane filter, air-dried and directly analyzed by the energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) method. Am-241 radioisotope was used as a source of exciting radiation. The precision of the method was 7% for iodide mass per filter equal to 2-mu-g. The detection limit amounted to 0.45-mu-g of iodide per filter.

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Catalysts are substances that increase the reaction rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. 144-48-9, Name is 2-Iodoacetamide, SMILES is NC(=O)CI, belongs to iodides-buliding-blocks compound. In a document, author is BILABINA, I, introduce the new discover, Formula: C2H4INO.

EVALUATION OF IODIDE DEFICIENCY IN TOGO USING AN OPTIMIZED POTENTIOMETRIC METHOD FOR IODIDE ESTIMATION IN URINE

A pilot study was carried out in two Togolese localities (Gobe, Moretan) situated in an endemic goiter area. The aim of this work was to collect laboratory and nutritional data to assess and follow up campaigns against iodide deficiency. Ninety-seven urine samples were analysed. We studied the urinary excretion and the iodine concentration of important diet substances (water and salt) using an optimized potentiometric method. Mean values of urinary iodide/creatinine ratios (mug/g) observed in the two Togolese localities ties were respectively 34.1 +/- 6.3 in Gobe and 39.2 +/- 6.4 in Moretan. These low values differ significantly (P < 10(-9))from the physiological cal values determined in Amiens, France (147.5 +/- 56.3). The drinking water of the two localities showed a low iodide concentration (2 mug/l). The iodide concentration of cooking salts was also low (<0.2 mg/kg) compared with iodized salt used in France (11.2 +/- 0.2 mg/kg) These results show an iodide deficiency in both localities, probably due to the lack of iodide in the local diet. Iodide determination is specific, easy and inexpensive. It can be proposed for use in campaigns against goiters of nutritional origin. The proportionality constant is the rate constant for the particular unimolecular reaction. the reaction rate is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. I hope my blog about 144-48-9 is helpful to your research. Formula: C2H4INO.

One of the major reasons for studying chemical kinetics is to use measurements of the macroscopic properties of a system, such as the rate of change in the concentration of reactants or products with time. 144-48-9, Name is 2-Iodoacetamide, formurla is C2H4INO. In a document, author is Mioduski, Tomasz, introducing its new discovery. Computed Properties of C2H4INO.

IUPAC-NIST Solubility Data Series. 94. Rare Earth Metal Iodides and Bromides in Water and Aqueous Systems. Part 1. Iodides

This work presents solubility data for rare earth metal iodides in water and in aqueous ternary systems. Compilations of all available experimental data are introduced for each rare earth metal iodide with a corresponding critical evaluation. Every such evaluation contains a tabulated collection of all solubility results in water, a selection of suggested solubility data and a brief discussion of the multicomponent systems. Because the ternary systems were almost never studied more than once, no critical evaluations of such data were possible. Only simple iodides (no complexes) are treated as the input substances in this work. The literature has been covered through the middle of 2011. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3682093]

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Let¡¯s face it, organic chemistry can seem difficult to learn. Especially from a beginner¡¯s point of view. Like 144-48-9, Name is 2-Iodoacetamide. In a document, author is Vassaux, Georges, introducing its new discovery. Safety of 2-Iodoacetamide.

Iodinated Contrast Agents Perturb Iodide Uptake by the Thyroid Independently of Free Iodide

Perturbation of thyroid iodide uptake is a well-documented side effect of the use of iodinated contrast media (ICM) administered intravenously. This side effect is thought to be mediated by free iodide in ICM formulations, but this hypothesis has never been formally proven. The aim of the present study was to assess the validity of this hypothesis. Methods: We used mass spectrometry analysis to quantify free-iodide contamination in ICM. Established cell lines expressing the Na/I symporter (NIS) were used to quantify the effect of ICM on iodide uptake. SPECT/CT was used to measure the in vivo uptake of Tc-99m-pertechnetate and I-123 in 2 NIS-expressing mouse tissues, thyroid and salivary glands. Scintiscans of ICM-naive and ICM-administered patients were compared. Immunohistologic and Western blot analyses were performed to evaluate NIS protein expression in these organs. Results: Although free iodide was present in ICM formulations, in vitro uptake of iodide by NIS-expressing cells was not significantly affected by ICM. In mice, intravenous or sublingual administration of ICM led to a reduction in radiotracer uptake by the thyroid, accompanied by a dramatic reduction in NIS protein expression in this tissue. In the salivary glands, neither radiotracer uptake nor NIS protein expression was affected by ICM. The thyroid-selective effect of ICM was also observed in humans. Administration of potassium iodide as a source of free iodide led to a diminution of (99)mTc-pertechnetate uptake in both mouse thyroid and mouse salivary glands. Altogether, these data rule out a direct intervention of free iodide in the perturbation of thyroid uptake and suggest a direct and selective effect of ICM on the thyroid. Conclusion: We demonstrated that ICM reduce thyroid uptake of iodide independently of free iodide. This effect is due to a specific and dramatic decrease in NIS expression in thyrocytes. These data cast serious doubt on the relevance of measuring urinary iodide concentration to evaluate the delay between ICM administration and radioiodine therapy in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Finally, the ability of ICM to perturb iodide uptake in the thyroid may be used in radioprotection.

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Chemistry is the experimental and theoretical study of materials on their properties at both the macroscopic and microscopic levels. 144-48-9, Name is 2-Iodoacetamide, molecular formula is C2H4INO. In an article, author is Eng, PHK,once mentioned of 144-48-9, Category: iodides-buliding-blocks.

Escape from the acute Wolff-Chaikoff effect is associated with a decrease in thyroid sodium/iodide symporter messenger ribonucleic acid and protein

In 1948, Wolff and Chaikoff reported that organic binding of iodide in the thyroid was decreased when plasma iodide levels were elevated (acute Wolff-Chaikoff effect), and that adaptation or escape from the acute effect occurred in approximately 2 days, in the presence of continued high plasma iodide concentrations. We later demonstrated that the escape is attributable to a decrease in iodide transport into the thyroid, lowering the intrathyroidal iodine content below a critical inhibitory threshold and allowing organification of iodide to resume. We have now measured the rat thyroid sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels, in response to both chronic and acute iodide excess, in an attempt to determine the mechanism responsible for the decreased iodide transport. Rats were given 0.05% NaI in their drinking water for 1 and 6 days in the chronic experiments, and a single 2000-mu g dose of NaI ip in the acute experiments. Serum was collected for iodine and hormone measurements, and thyroids were frozen for subsequent measurement of NIS, TSH receptor, thyroid peroxidase (TPO), thyroglobulin, and cyclophilin mRNAs (by Northern blotting) as well as NIS protein (by Western blotting). Serum T-4 and T-3 concentrations were significantly decreased at 1 day in the chronic experiments and returned to normal at 6 days, and were unchanged in the acute experiments. Serum TSH levels were unchanged in both paradigms. Both NIS mRNA and protein were decreased at 1 and 6 days after chronic iodide ingestion. MS mRNA was decreased at 6 and 24 h after acute iodide administration, whereas NIS protein was decreased only at 24 h. TPO mRNA was decreased at 6 days of chronic iodide ingestion and 24 h after acute iodide administration. There were no iodide-induced changes in TSH receptor and thyroglobulin mRNAs. These data suggest that iodide administration decreases both NIS mRNA and protein expression, by a mechanism that is likely to be, at least in part, transcriptional. Our findings support the hypothesis that the escape from the acute Wolff-Chaikoff effect is caused by a decrease in NIS, with a resultant decreased iodide transport into the thyroid. The observed decrease in TPO mRNA may contribute to the iodine-induced hypothyroidism that is common in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.

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Chemistry is the experimental science by definition. We want to make observations to prove hypothesis. For this purpose, we perform experiments in the lab. , Quality Control of 2-Iodoacetamide, 144-48-9, Name is 2-Iodoacetamide, molecular formula is C2H4INO, belongs to iodides-buliding-blocks compound. In a document, author is Chen Liyuan, introduce the new discover.

Function of Potassium Iodide in the Reaction of 1,2-Bis-(dibromomethyl)benzene and Its 4-Substituted Derivatives with Fumaronitrile

1,2-Bis(dibromomethyl)benzene and its 4-substituted derivatives would not react with fumaronitrile in N,N-dimethylformamide in the absence of potassium iodide. However, the same reaction happened in the presence of potassium iodide. The major product was 2,3-dicyanonaphthalene or its corresponding substituted derivatives. The yields depended on the adding amounts of the potassium iodide. When the adding amount of potassium iodide was equal to the molar amount of bromine atoms in 1,2-bis(dibromomethyl)benzene or its 4-substituted derivatives, the reaction was substantially completed and the main product was 2,3-dicyanonaphthalene or its corresponding substituted derivatives with yield of 87.1%. Based on this fact, the function of potassium iodide was not a catalyst but a reaction reagent, and the reaction mechanism was proposed.

Balanced chemical reaction does not necessarily reveal either the individual elementary reactions by which a reaction occurs or its rate law. In my other articles, you can also check out more blogs about 144-48-9. Quality Control of 2-Iodoacetamide.