Tag: 300-400

Synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel anti-malarial lead was written by Hammond, Nicholas L.;Choi, Seoung-ryoung;Carvalho, Paulo;Liu, Hua;Khan, Shabana;Avery, Mitchell A.. And the article was included in Medicinal Chemistry Research in 2011.Reference of 15813-09-9 This article mentions the following:

Malaria is re-emerging in many tropical areas of the world and is often fatal due to drug resistance, leading to about a million deaths each year. Multiple drug resistance has required new efforts in drug discovery and development. Thus, the search for new drugs operating by novel mechanisms of action is receiving increased attention. Herein the synthesis and biol. evaluation of a novel anti-malarial with micromolar activity against resistant strains of the parasite is reported. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4,5-Diiodo-1H-imidazole (cas: 15813-09-9Reference of 15813-09-9).

4,5-Diiodo-1H-imidazole (cas: 15813-09-9) belongs to iodide derivatives. Organic iodides are widely used in organic synthesis. Halogenation of aromatic hydrocarbons is a very important reaction via an electrophilic aromatic substitution. Organoiodine lubricants can be used with titanium, stainless steels, and other metals which tend to seize up with conventional lubricants: organoiodine lubricants can be used in turbines and spacecraft, and as a cutting oil in machining.Reference of 15813-09-9

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Palladium-Catalyzed ortho-Halogenation of Tertiary Benzamides was written by Qiu, Fang-Cheng;Yang, Wen-Cheng;Chang, Yong-Zhen;Guan, Bing-Tao. And the article was included in Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2017.Recommanded Product: N,N-Diethyl-4-iodobenzamide This article mentions the following:

A general and efficient protocol for the synthesis of ortho-halogenated tertiary benzamides under mild conditions was described. Benzamides with various functional groups underwent ortho-iodination, bromination or chlorination with NXS using a cationic palladium catalyst generated in-situ from Pd(OAc)₂ and TfOH in DME. Given the generality, efficiency, mild conditions and readily available catalyst and halogenation reagents, this method provided a practical approach for the synthesis of ortho-halogenated benzamides. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-Diethyl-4-iodobenzamide (cas: 77350-52-8Recommanded Product: N,N-Diethyl-4-iodobenzamide).

N,N-Diethyl-4-iodobenzamide (cas: 77350-52-8) belongs to iodide derivatives. Organic iodides are organic compounds containing a carbon-iodine (C-I) bond. The carbon-iodine bond is weaker than other carbon-halogen bonds due to the poor electronegative nature of the iodine atom. The C–I bond is the weakest of the carbon–halogen bonds. These bond strengths correlate with the electronegativity of the halogen, decreasing in the order F > Cl > Br > I. This periodic order also follows the atomic radius of halogens and the length of the carbon-halogen bond.Recommanded Product: N,N-Diethyl-4-iodobenzamide

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

First total synthesis of fungerin, an antifungal alkaloid from Fusarium sp. was written by Benhida, Rachid;Lezama, Ruth;Fourrey, Jean-Louis. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 1998.Electric Literature of C3H2I2N2 This article mentions the following:

The first total synthesis of fungerin, a new antifungal alkaloid, is described. Starting from a 4,5-diiodoimidazole derivative, the procedure involves regioselective prenylation and Heck type reaction steps to give fungerin in high yield. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4,5-Diiodo-1H-imidazole (cas: 15813-09-9Electric Literature of C3H2I2N2).

4,5-Diiodo-1H-imidazole (cas: 15813-09-9) belongs to iodide derivatives. Organic iodides can be alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl, and all of them are very reactive toward with many kinds of nucleophiles. A typical method for synthesis of aromatic iodides is diazotization of primary aromatic amines followed by treatment of potassium iodide. Aliphatic alcohols are converted to alkyl iodides by treating with hydrogen iodide.Electric Literature of C3H2I2N2

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Potent Inhibitors of LpxC for the Treatment of Gram-Negative Infections was written by Brown, Matthew F.;Reilly, Usa;Abramite, Joseph A.;Arcari, Joel T.;Oliver, Robert;Barham, Rose A.;Che, Ye;Chen, Jinshan Michael;Collantes, Elizabeth M.;Chung, Seung Won;Desbonnet, Charlene;Doty, Jonathan;Doroski, Matthew;Engtrakul, Juntyma J.;Harris, Thomas M.;Huband, Michael;Knafels, John D.;Leach, Karen L.;Liu, Shenping;Marfat, Anthony;Marra, Andrea;McElroy, Eric;Melnick, Michael;Menard, Carol A.;Montgomery, Justin I.;Mullins, Lisa;Noe, Mark. C.;O’Donnell, John;Penzien, Joseph;Plummer, Mark S.;Price, Loren M.;Shanmugasundaram, Veerabahu;Thoma, Christy;Uccello, Daniel P.;Warmus, Joseph S.;Wishka, Donn G.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2012.Reference of 85356-68-9 This article mentions the following:

In this paper, the synthesis and SAR as well as selectivity, pharmacokinetic, and infection model data for representative analogs of a novel series of potent antibacterial LpxC inhibitors represented by hydroxamic acid I, is presented. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromo-4-(2-iodoethyl)benzene (cas: 85356-68-9Reference of 85356-68-9).

1-Bromo-4-(2-iodoethyl)benzene (cas: 85356-68-9) belongs to iodide derivatives. Organic iodides are organic compounds containing a carbon-iodine (C-I) bond. The carbon-iodine bond is weaker than other carbon-halogen bonds due to the poor electronegative nature of the iodine atom. The C–I bond is the weakest of the carbon–halogen bonds. These bond strengths correlate with the electronegativity of the halogen, decreasing in the order F > Cl > Br > I. This periodic order also follows the atomic radius of halogens and the length of the carbon-halogen bond.Reference of 85356-68-9

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

4-Alkylated Silver-N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Complexes with Cytotoxic Effects in Leukemia Cells was written by Sandtorv, Alexander H.;Leitch, Calum;Bedringaas, Siv Lise;Gjertsen, Bjorn Tore;Bjorsvik, Hans-Rene. And the article was included in ChemMedChem in 2015.Electric Literature of C3H2I2N2 This article mentions the following:

Computational chem. has shown that backbone-alkylated imidazoles ought to be efficient ligands for transition metal catalysts with improved carbene-to-metal donation. In this work, such alkylated imidazoles were synthesized and complexed with silver(I) by means of an eight/nine-step synthetic pathway we devised to access a new class of biol. active silver complexes. The synthesis involves selective iodination of the imidazole backbone, followed by Sonogashira coupling to replace the backbone iodine. The installed alkyne moiety is then subjected to reductive hydrogenation with Pearlman’s catalyst. The imidazole N1 atom is arylated by the palladium-catalyzed Buchwald N-arylation method. The imidazole N3 position was then methylated with Me iodine, whereupon the synthesis was terminated by complexation of the imidazolium salt with silver(I) oxide. The synthetic pathway provided an overall yield of ≈ 20 %. The resulting complexes were tested in vitro against HL60 and MOLM-13 leukemic cells, two human-derived cell lines that model acute myeloid leukemia. The most active compounds exhibiting low IC₅₀ values of 14 and 27 μΜ against HL60 and MOLM-13 cells, resp. The imidazole side chain was found to be essential for high cytotoxicity, as the imidazole complex bearing a C₇ side chain at the 4-position was four- to sixfold more potent than the corresponding imidazole elaborated with a Me group. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4,5-Diiodo-1H-imidazole (cas: 15813-09-9Electric Literature of C3H2I2N2).

4,5-Diiodo-1H-imidazole (cas: 15813-09-9) belongs to iodide derivatives. Organic iodides are organic compounds containing a carbon-iodine (C-I) bond. The carbon-iodine bond is weaker than other carbon-halogen bonds due to the poor electronegative nature of the iodine atom. Polyiodoorganic compounds are sometimes employed as X-ray contrast agents, in fluoroscopy, a type of medical imaging. This application exploits the X-ray absorbing ability of the heavy iodine nucleus.Electric Literature of C3H2I2N2

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Dichloroiodoisocyanuric acid: a new reagent for regioselective coiodination of alkenes and iodination of activated arenes was written by Ribeiro, Rodrigo da Silva;Esteves, Pierre M.;de Mattos, Marcio C. S.. And the article was included in Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society in 2012.Application of 3268-21-1 This article mentions the following:

Dichloroiodoisocyanuric acid was prepared in 93% by heating trichloroisocyanuric acid with 1.05 mol equivalent of iodine. This new reagent is very efficient for regioselective electrophilic iodination of activated arenes. Alkenes react with dichloroiodoisocyanuric acid in the presence of oxygenated nucleophiles (water, alcs., and acetic acid), leading to the corresponding iodohydrins, β-iodoethers and β-iodoacetates with reaction times of less than one minute and with a high degree of regioselectivity. Enol ethers resulted in the regioselective formation of the corresponding iodine-dialkylacetals. Exptl. results and DFT calculations showed that dichoroiodoisocyanuric acid is more reactive with unsaturated systems than triiodoisocyanuric acid. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Diiodo-2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzene (cas: 3268-21-1Application of 3268-21-1).

1,4-Diiodo-2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzene (cas: 3268-21-1) belongs to iodide derivatives. Iodide-containing intermediates are common in organic synthesis, because of the easy formation and cleavage of the C–I bond. In the chemical industry, alkyl iodides serve as excellent alkylating agents and, specifically, methyl iodide is used as a methylating agent in the synthesis of various pharmaceutical drugs.Application of 3268-21-1

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Discovery of 7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives as selective covalent irreversible inhibitors of interleukin-2-inducible T-cell kinase (Itk) was written by Tang, Guanghui;Liu, Lihong;Wang, Xueying;Pan, Zhengying. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2019.Application In Synthesis of 2,4-Dichloro-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine This article mentions the following:

Interleukin-2-inducible T-cell kinase (Itk) plays an important role in multiple signal transduction pathways in T and mast cells, and is a potential drug target for treating inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, and T cell leukemia/lymphoma. Herein, we describe the discovery of a series of covalent Itk inhibitors based on the 7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine scaffold. Placing an appropriate substitution group at a hydration site of the ATP binding pocket of Itk and using a saturated heterocyclic ring as a linker to the reactive group were crucial for selectivity. The optimized compound 9 showed potent activity against Itk, excellent selectivity for Itk over Btk and other structurally related kinases, inhibition of phospholipase C-γ1 (PLC-γ1) phosphorylation in cells, and anti-proliferative effects against multiple T leukemia/lymphoma cell lines. Compound 9 can serve as a valuable compound for further determination of functions of Itk. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,4-Dichloro-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (cas: 1012785-51-1Application In Synthesis of 2,4-Dichloro-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine).

2,4-Dichloro-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (cas: 1012785-51-1) belongs to iodide derivatives. Organoiodine compounds occur widely in organic chemistry, but are relatively rare in nature. Organoiodine lubricants can be used with titanium, stainless steels, and other metals which tend to seize up with conventional lubricants: organoiodine lubricants can be used in turbines and spacecraft, and as a cutting oil in machining.Application In Synthesis of 2,4-Dichloro-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Cooperative dual palladium/silver catalyst for direct difluoromethylation of aryl bromides and iodides was written by Gu, Yang;Leng, Xuebing;Shen, Qilong. And the article was included in Nature Communications in 2014.Synthetic Route of C11H14INO This article mentions the following:

A cooperative dual palladium/silver catalyst system for direct difluoromethylation of aryl bromides and iodides under mild conditions is reported. The system is developed by initial preparation of the putative intermediates in the dual-catalytic cycles, followed by studying the elemental steps to demonstrate the viability of the proposed cooperative catalytic cycle. The reaction is compatible with a variety of functional groups such as ester, amide, protected phenoxide, protected ketone, cyclopropyl, bromide, and heteroaryl subunits such as pyrrole, benzothiazole, carbazole or pyridine. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-Diethyl-4-iodobenzamide (cas: 77350-52-8Synthetic Route of C11H14INO).

N,N-Diethyl-4-iodobenzamide (cas: 77350-52-8) belongs to iodide derivatives. Iodide-containing intermediates are common in organic synthesis, because of the easy formation and cleavage of the C–I bond. In the chemical industry, alkyl iodides serve as excellent alkylating agents and, specifically, methyl iodide is used as a methylating agent in the synthesis of various pharmaceutical drugs.Synthetic Route of C11H14INO

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Pore Surface Engineering with Controlled Loadings of Functional Groups via Click Chemistry in Highly Stable Metal-Organic Frameworks was written by Jiang, Hai-Long;Feng, Dawei;Liu, Tian-Fu;Li, Jian-Rong;Zhou, Hong-Cai. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2012.Formula: C10H12I2 This article mentions the following:

Reactions of ZrCl₄ and single or mixed linear dicarboxylic acids bearing Me or azide groups lead to highly stable isoreticular metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with content-tunable, accessible, reactive azide groups inside the large pores. These Zr-based MOFs offer an ideal platform for pore surface engineering by anchoring various functional groups with controlled loadings onto the pore walls via the click reaction, endowing the MOFs with tailor-made interfaces. Significantly, the framework and crystallinity of the functionalized MOFs are well-retained, and the engineered pore surfaces are readily accessible, thus providing more opportunities for powerful and broad applications of MOFs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Diiodo-2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzene (cas: 3268-21-1Formula: C10H12I2).

1,4-Diiodo-2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzene (cas: 3268-21-1) belongs to iodide derivatives. Organic iodides are organic compounds containing a carbon-iodine (C-I) bond. The carbon-iodine bond is weaker than other carbon-halogen bonds due to the poor electronegative nature of the iodine atom. The C–I bond is the weakest of the carbon–halogen bonds. These bond strengths correlate with the electronegativity of the halogen, decreasing in the order F > Cl > Br > I. This periodic order also follows the atomic radius of halogens and the length of the carbon-halogen bond.Formula: C10H12I2

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Charge-Localized p-Phenylenedihydrazine Radical Cations: ESR and Optical Studies of Intramolecular Electron Transfer Rates was written by Nelsen, Stephen F.;Ismagilov, Rustem F.;Powell, Douglas R.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 1997.Formula: C10H12I2 This article mentions the following:

1,4-Bis(2-tert-butyl-2,3-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)benzene-1,4-diyl its 2,5-di-Me and 2,3,5,6-tetra-Me derivatives [ I; R,R¹,R²,R³ given: H,H,H,H (II);Me,H,Me,H (III); Me,Me,Me,Me(IV)], their radical cations, and bis-radical dications are studied. Crystal structures including those of II⁺BPh₄^–, III²⁺(BPh₄^–)₂, IV⁺BPh₄^–, and IV²⁺(BPh₄^–)₂ establish that ring methylation causes more N-lone pair, aryl π twist without changing the N_Ar,N_Ar distance significantly and that both II⁺ and IV⁺ have the charge localized in one hydrazine unit. NMR measurements show that III⁺ has about 6% of its spin at the four aryl CH and CMe carbons, while IV⁺ has about 1.5% of its spin at the four CMe carbons. The average distance between the unpaired electrons of III²⁺ and IV²⁺ was obtained from the dipolar splittings of their thermally excited triplet states and, as expected, is significantly smaller for III²⁺ (5.25 Å) than for IV²⁺ (5.63 Å). Rate constants for electron transfer between the hydrazine units of III⁺ and IV⁺ in CH₂Cl₂ and CH₃CN were determined by dynamic ESR. The intervalence radical cations show charge transfer bands corresponding to vertical electron transfer between the ground state and highly vibrationally excited electron-shifted material, allowing calculation of the parameters controlling electron transfer. Electron transfer parameters obtained from the CT bands using adiabatic energy surfaces which approx. the CT band shapes observed produce rate constants within exptl. error of those extrapolated to room temperature from the ESR data for both III⁺ and IV⁺ in both solvents, without using tunneling corrections. The effects of mixing of the electronic wave functions of the reduced and oxidized hydrazine units of II⁺ on d_NN, the C(t-Bu)N,NA(Ar) twist angle, and the aryl nitrogen lone pair, aryl π twist angle which are observed by X-ray are close to those predicted from the position of the min. on the ET coordinate X of the adiabatic energy surface calculated from the CT band. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Diiodo-2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzene (cas: 3268-21-1Formula: C10H12I2).

1,4-Diiodo-2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzene (cas: 3268-21-1) belongs to iodide derivatives. Iodide-containing intermediates are common in organic synthesis, because of the easy formation and cleavage of the C–I bond. Alkyl iodides react at a faster rate than alkyl fluorides due to the weak C-I bond.Formula: C10H12I2

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com