Name: 2-Methylglutaronitrile. The protonation of heteroatoms in aromatic heterocycles can be divided into two categories: lone pairs of electrons are in the aromatic ring conjugated system; and lone pairs of electrons do not participate. Compound: 2-Methylglutaronitrile, is researched, Molecular C6H8N2, CAS is 4553-62-2, about Optimization of an immobilized-cell biocatalyst for production of 4-cyanopentanoic acid. Author is Hann, Eugenia C.; Sigmund, Amy E.; Hennessey, Susan M.; Gavagan, John E.; Short, David R.; Ben-Bassat, Arie; Chauhan, Sarita; Fallon, Robert D.; Payne, Mark S.; DiCosimo, Robert.
Optimization of microbial cell immobilization, catalyst specific activity, and volumetric productivity were required for scale-up of the nitrilase-catalyzed hydrolysis of 2-methylglutaronitrile to 4-cyanopentanoic acid, an intermediate in the preparation of 1,5-dimethyl-2-piperidone. As an alternative to the immobilization of Acidovorax facilis 72W cells in carrageenan, immobilization in alginate, followed by crosslinking with glutaraldehyde and polyethylenimine, produced a catalyst which was stable in reaction mixtures containing high concentrations of 4-cyanopentanoic acid ammonium salt. Immobilization in alginate produced catalysts with a higher nitrilase specific activity than was achieved in carrageenan, and volumetric productivity of 4-cyanopentanoic acid was increased from 19 to 49 g/L-h. Substituting alginate for carrageenan also eliminated 1 process step in the immobilization. A further increase in volumetric productivity to 79 g/L-h was achieved by using an immobilized Escherichia coli transformant which expresses A. facilis 72W nitrilase.
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