Hybrid hydrogels loaded with palladium nanoparticles – Catalysts for environmentally-friendly Sonogashira and Heck cross-coupling reactions was written by Slavik, Petr;Smith, David K.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 2020.Related Products of 5460-32-2 This article mentions the following:
Palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) were encapsulated within hybrid hydrogels made from an acylhydrazide-functionalized 1,3:2,4-dibenzylidene sorbitol low-mol.-weight gelator combined with agarose polymer gelator via in-situ reduction of Pd(II). These heterogeneous gel-phase catalysts were successfully applied for copper-, amine- and phosphine-free Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions under environmentally-friendly conditions without the need for inert atm. reaction conditions. The PdNP-loaded gel was reused in Sonogashira couplings up to at least five times with no adverse effect on yield. The performance of solvated PdNP-loaded gel catalysts was compared with the dried xerogels. The xerogels was used at higher temperatures, enhanced the reaction kinetics albeit lowering reaction selectivity, but unlike the solvated gels, were unable to be easily recycled and reused. The PdNP-loaded gels had good activity in Heck reactions, and although longer reaction times or higher temperatures were required than for the Sonogashira reaction, the reaction conditions were mild for a Heck coupling. A ‘waste-to-wealth’ methodol. in which Pd(II) ‘waste’ was converted into a valuable gel-phase catalyst was used for green Sonogashira and Heck cross-coupling reactions was demonstrated. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Iodo-1,2-dimethoxybenzene (cas: 5460-32-2Related Products of 5460-32-2).
4-Iodo-1,2-dimethoxybenzene (cas: 5460-32-2) belongs to iodide derivatives. Generally organic iodides can be divided into two classes of alkyl iodides and aryl iodides. Typical reactions of alkyl iodides include nucleophilic substitution, elimination, reduction, and the formation of organometallics. The C–I bond is the weakest of the carbon–halogen bonds. These bond strengths correlate with the electronegativity of the halogen, decreasing in the order F > Cl > Br > I. This periodic order also follows the atomic radius of halogens and the length of the carbon-halogen bond.Related Products of 5460-32-2
Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com